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第二十三章 (Chapter Twenty-Three)

Explore Chapter 23 of '老张的哲学' with the original Chinese text, English translation, detailed Chinese vocabulary explanations, and audio of the Chinese original. Listen and improve your reading skills.

Chinese Original
Translation
Chinese Vocabulary (EN)
🔊
含着泪 hán zhe lèi
v. phrase. with tears in one's eyes; holding back tears
🔊
抽泣 chōu qì
v. to sob; to cry with convulsive breaths
🔊
hán
v. to hold in the mouth; to contain; to harbor (an emotion). Often used in written or formal contexts.
🔊
chōu
v. to pull out; to draw; to twitch. In this context, it refers to the convulsive movement when sobbing.
🔊
lèi
n. tear (from crying). An abstract noun with emotional weight.
🔊 "主意?"
🔊
主意 zhǔ yì
n. idea; plan; decision
🔊
zhǔ
n./adj. main; primary; host; master. An abstract noun with high productivity.
🔊
花纹 huā wén
n. pattern; decorative design (on fabric, pottery, etc.)
🔊
wén
n. line; vein; grain; pattern. Core character for words related to patterns or lines.
🔊 "董善人?"
🔊
董善人 Dǒng Shànrén
n. A character's name/title. 'Shanren' literally means 'kind person' or 'philanthropist', a term of respect for a benevolent elder, carrying cultural connotations of traditional morality.
🔊
shàn
adj./n. good; virtuous; kind; to be good at. A core cultural concept related to morality.
🔊 ",出家!"
🔊
quàn
v. to advise; to urge; to persuade
🔊
出家 chū jiā
v. to leave home and become a monk or nun; to renounce the secular world. A culturally significant concept in Buddhism.
🔊 "尼姑?"齿缝
🔊
尼姑 ní gū
n. Buddhist nun. A culture-specific term.
🔊
齿缝 chǐ fèng
n. gap between teeth. Here used figuratively to describe words spoken with clenched teeth (从齿缝中挤出来), indicating suppressed anger or strong emotion.
🔊
v. to squeeze; to press; to crowd; to force out. Here used metaphorically for forcing out words.
🔊
n. nun (Buddhist). Primarily used in the word "尼姑".
🔊
齿 chǐ
n. tooth. Core character for words related to teeth.
🔊
fèng
n. crack; crevice; gap
🔊 "来世!"
🔊
xiū
v. to cultivate; to practice; to study; to repair. In this Buddhist context, it means to cultivate virtue or practice spiritual discipline for a better afterlife.
🔊
来世 lái shì
n. next life; afterlife; future existence. A key concept in Buddhism and traditional Chinese beliefs about reincarnation.
🔊
shì
n. world; generation; lifetime; era. An abstract noun with broad meaning and high productivity.
🔊 ",债主,……"
🔊
v. to force; to compel; to press for
🔊
债主 zhài zhǔ
n. creditor; debt collector
🔊
zhài
n. debt. Core character for financial obligations.
🔊
拼命 pīn mìng
v. to risk one's life; to exert utmost effort; to fight desperately
🔊
hèn
v./n. to hate; hatred
🔊
chuí
v. to pound; to beat (with fist); to thump
🔊
pīn
v. to piece together; to spell; to struggle; to risk. Core character implying putting together or making a great effort.
🔊
mìng
n. life; fate; destiny; command. A crucial abstract noun.
🔊
值得 zhí dé
v./adj. to be worth; worthwhile; deserving
🔊
zhí
v./n. to be worth; value; to be on duty. Core character for value and worth.
🔊
v. to die; to cease living
🔊
gǎn
v. to dare; to have the courage to
🔊
困难 kùn nan
n./adj. difficulty; difficult; challenging
🔊
kùn
adj./v. tired; sleepy; stranded; to be trapped; difficulty.
🔊
nán
adj. difficult; hard; (also n. disaster).
🔊 "?"
🔊 "救世军军官,,信教,发慈悲。"
🔊
救世军 Jiùshìjūn
n. Salvation Army. A specific Christian denomination and charitable organization, introduced here as a cultural/religious reference.
🔊
军官 jūn guān
n. military officer
🔊
qiú
v. to beg; to request; to seek; to strive for. Often used in formal requests or pleas.
🔊
信教 xìn jiào
v. to believe in a religion; to be religious. A verb phrase indicating religious belief.
🔊
kěn
v. to be willing to; to agree to; to consent. An important modal verb expressing willingness.
🔊
发慈悲 fā cíbēi
v. phrase. to show mercy; to be compassionate. A Buddhist-influenced phrase combining 'to issue/show' with 'compassion and mercy'.
🔊
jiù
v. to save; to rescue; to help. Core character for rescue and salvation.
🔊
jūn
n. army; military; troops
🔊
guān
n. official; officer; government official. Core character for positions of authority.
🔊
jiào
n. religion; teaching. Core character for religion and education.
🔊
v. to issue; to send out; to develop; to show (an emotion/quality). A highly productive verb.
🔊
adj. compassionate; benevolent; kind (often used in relation to elders or Buddhism).
🔊
bēi
adj./n. sad; sorrow; compassion. Core character for sadness and compassion.
🔊
麻子 má zi
n. pockmarks; marks on the skin from smallpox.
🔊
qiàn
v. to owe; to be in debt.
🔊
叔父 shū fù
n. uncle (father's younger brother).
🔊
qióng
adj. poor; impoverished.
🔊
反正 fǎn zhèng
adv. anyway; in any case.
🔊
法子 fǎ zi
n. method; way; means.
🔊 "!"抢着
🔊
抢着 qiǎng zhe
v. to rush to do; to compete to do something.
🔊
prep. for; on behalf of.
🔊
早晨 zǎo chén
n. morning.
🔊
ba
part. used at the end of a sentence to indicate suggestion, command, or persuasion.
🔊
上工 shàng gōng
v. to go to work; to start work.
🔊 "。"
🔊
后影 hòu yǐng
n. back view; figure seen from behind.
🔊
tàn
v. to sigh.
🔊
zhù
v. to stop; to cease (in this context, wind stops).
🔊
阳光 yáng guāng
n. sunlight.
🔊
晴美 qíng měi
adj. sunny and beautiful.
🔊
布衫 bù shān
n. cloth shirt.
🔊
衣袋 yī dài
n. pocket.
🔊
姑母 gū mǔ
n. aunt (father's sister).
🔊
便 biàn
adv. then; thereupon.
🔊
厉害 lì hai
adj. severe; intense; formidable.
🔊
qiāo
v. to knock.
🔊
长袍 cháng páo
n. long gown; robe.
🔊
手巾 shǒu jīn
n. towel; handkerchief.
🔊
父亲 fù qīn
n. father; a male parent
🔊
gāng
adv. just; barely; exactly
🔊
告诉 gào sù
v. to tell; to inform
🔊 ,墙角菊花,,房檐鸟笼,蓝靛颏:"到底。"
🔊
yuàn
n. courtyard; yard.
🔊
墙角 qiáng jiǎo
n. wall corner.
🔊
duī
v. to pile; to heap.
🔊
pén
n. pot; basin.
🔊
菊花 jú huā
n. chrysanthemum.
🔊
cán
adj. withered; damaged; incomplete.
🔊
n. leaf.
🔊
qīng
adj. green; blue; young.
🔊
房檐 fáng yán
n. eaves.
🔊
guà
v. to hang.
🔊
鸟笼 niǎo lóng
n. birdcage.
🔊
蓝靛颏 lán diàn kē
n. bluethroat (a type of bird).
🔊
到底 dào dǐ
adv. after all; in the end; finally.
🔊
棉袍 mián páo
n. cotton-padded gown.
🔊
和气 hé qi
adj. kind; amiable; friendly.
🔊
惊讶 jīng yà
adj. surprised; astonished.
🔊
随着 suí zhe
prep. following; along with. In this context, it indicates accompanying someone. Character family: 随着时间 (with time), 随着发展 (along with development).
🔊
异常 yì cháng
adj. unusual; abnormal. Here, it means extremely or exceptionally. Character family: 异常情况 (unusual situation), 异常行为 (abnormal behavior).
🔊
整洁 zhěng jié
adj. neat and tidy. In this context, it describes the room being very clean. Character family: 整洁的房间 (tidy room), 保持整洁 (keep tidy).
🔊
墙上 qiáng shàng
n. on the wall. Here, it refers to the location on the wall. Character family: 墙上挂画 (hang a painting on the wall), 墙上时钟 (wall clock).
🔊
挂着 guà zhe
v. hanging; to be hanging. In this context, it indicates the action of hanging in progress. Character family: 挂着照片 (hang photos), 挂着衣服 (hang clothes).
🔊
耶稣 yē sū
n. Jesus. A cultural and religious term referring to the central figure of Christianity. Character family: 耶稣基督 (Jesus Christ), 耶稣像 (image of Jesus).
🔊
xiàng
n. portrait; image; likeness. Here, it refers to a picture or statue of Jesus. Character family: 画像 (portrait), 雕像 (statue).
🔊
圣经 shèng jīng
n. the Bible. A cultural and religious term for the holy book of Christianity. Character family: 圣经故事 (Bible stories), 圣经研究 (Bible study).
🔊
dào
v. to pour; to invert. In this context, it means to pour tea. Character family: 倒茶 (pour tea), 倒水 (pour water).
🔊
掏出 tāo chū
v. to take out; to pull out. In this context, it means to extract something from a pocket. Character family: 掏出手机 (take out a phone), 掏出钱包 (pull out a wallet).
🔊
递给 dì gěi
v. to hand over; to pass to. Here, it means to give something to someone. Character family: 递给文件 (hand over documents), 递给礼物 (pass a gift).
🔊
一遍 yī biàn
adv. once; one time. In this context, it indicates reading the letter once. Character family: 读一遍 (read once), 看一遍 (look once).
🔊
抬头 tái tóu
v. to raise one's head; to look up. Here, it means to lift the head after reading. Character family: 抬头看 (look up), 抬头挺胸 (raise head and chest).
🔊
半天 bàn tiān
n. half a day; a long time. In this context, it means for a long while without speaking. Character family: 等了半天 (wait for a long time), 想了半天 (think for a long time).
🔊 ",","孝心佩服,实在薪水开销,况且欠着讲究救济灵魂,对于金钱充裕款项境遇同情,力不从心,!"
🔊
孝心 xiào xīn
n. filial piety; devotion to parents. A cultural term emphasizing respect and care for one's elders. Character family: 孝心行为 (filial behavior), 尽孝心 (fulfill filial duty).
🔊
佩服 pèi fú
v. to admire; to respect. Here, it means to feel admiration for someone's filial piety. Character family: 佩服勇气 (admire courage), 佩服能力 (respect ability).
🔊
实在 shí zài
adv. really; indeed; in reality. In this context, it emphasizes the truth of not having money. Character family: 实在不容易 (really not easy), 实在抱歉 (truly sorry).
🔊
薪水 xīn shuǐ
n. salary; wages. Here, it refers to monthly income. Character family: 薪水高 (high salary), 发薪水 (issue salary).
🔊
开销 kāi xiāo
n. expenses; expenditure. In this context, it means living costs or spending. Character family: 日常开销 (daily expenses), 减少开销 (reduce expenses).
🔊
况且 kuàng qiě
conj. moreover; besides; in addition. Here, it introduces an additional reason. Character family: 况且如此 (moreover so), 况且还有 (besides, there is).
🔊
欠着 qiàn zhe
v. owing; to be in debt. In this context, it means having unpaid debts. Character family: 欠着钱 (owe money), 欠着人情 (owe a favor).
🔊
讲究 jiǎng jiu
v. to stress; to emphasize; to pay attention to. In this context, it means focusing on saving souls. Character family: 讲究质量 (stress quality), 讲究细节 (pay attention to details).
🔊
救济 jiù jì
v. to relieve; to provide aid. Here, it means helping or saving souls. Character family: 救济贫困 (relieve poverty), 救济物资 (relief supplies).
🔊
灵魂 líng hún
n. soul; spirit. A cultural term often used in religious contexts. Character family: 灵魂深处 (depth of the soul), 拯救灵魂 (save souls).
🔊
对于 duì yú
prep. regarding; concerning; towards. In this context, it introduces the object of discussion. Character family: 对于问题 (regarding the problem), 对于学习 (concerning study).
🔊
金钱 jīn qián
n. money; currency. Here, it refers to financial resources. Character family: 金钱观 (view on money), 金钱交易 (money transaction).
🔊
充裕 chōng yù
adj. abundant; plentiful; sufficient. In this context, it means having enough funds. Character family: 时间充裕 (plenty of time), 资源充裕 (abundant resources).
🔊
款项 kuǎn xiàng
n. funds; sum of money. Here, it refers to monetary amounts. Character family: 款项到位 (funds in place), 大笔款项 (large sum of money).
🔊
境遇 jìng yù
n. circumstances; situation; plight. In this context, it refers to the uncle's difficult situation. Character family: 境遇相似 (similar circumstances), 改善境遇 (improve situation).
🔊
同情 tóng qíng
v. to sympathize; to feel sorry for. Here, it means understanding and feeling for the uncle's plight. Character family: 同情心 (sympathy), 表示同情 (express sympathy).
🔊
力不从心 lì bù cóng xīn
idiom. unable to do as one wishes; lacking the strength to fulfill one's intentions. Here, it means wanting to help but lacking the ability. Character family: 力不从心之感 (feeling of inability).
🔊
xīn
n. heart; mind; core. In this context, it metaphorically refers to one's feelings sinking. Character family: 心情 (mood), 心意 (intention).
🔊
一直 yī zhí
adv. continuously; all along; straight. Here, it emphasizes the continuous sinking feeling. Character family: 一直走 (go straight), 一直努力 (keep trying).
🔊
luò
v. to fall; to drop. In this context, it means falling into a well metaphorically. Character family: 落下 (fall down), 落叶 (fallen leaves).
🔊
jǐng
n. well. Here, it is part of a metaphor for sinking. Character family: 水井 (water well), 井口 (well mouth).
🔊
chén
v. to sink; to submerge. In this context, it describes the feeling of sinking. Character family: 沉没 (sink underwater), 沉重 (heavy).
🔊
勉强 miǎn qiǎng
adv. reluctantly; with difficulty. Here, it means speaking with effort. Character family: 勉强同意 (reluctantly agree), 勉强完成 (barely complete).
🔊
商议 shāng yì
v. to discuss; to consult. In this context, it means discussing with others. Character family: 商议事项 (discuss matters), 商议合作 (consult on cooperation).
🔊
情愿 qíng yuàn
v. to be willing; to prefer. Here, it means willingly writing an IOU. Character family: 心甘情愿 (willingly and happily), 情愿做 (willing to do).
🔊
奉还 fèng huán
v. to return respectfully; to give back. In this context, it means repaying the money in the future. Character family: 如期奉还 (return on time), 奉还借款 (repay loan respectfully).
🔊
而且 ér qiě
conj. moreover; and also. Here, it adds another reason. Character family: 而且还有 (and also have), 而且因此 (moreover therefore).
🔊
数目 shù mù
n. number; amount. In this context, it refers to the sum of money. Character family: 数目大 (large amount), 数目清楚 (clear number).
🔊
不必 bù bì
adv. need not; unnecessary. In this context, it means there is no need to worry. Character family: 不必担心 (need not worry), 不必客气 (no need to be polite).
🔊
着急 zháo jí
adj. anxious; worried. Here, it means not to be in a hurry. Character family: 别着急 (don't worry), 着急的事 (urgent matter).
🔊
诚恳 chéng kěn
adj. sincere; earnest. In this context, it describes the tone of speech. Character family: 态度诚恳 (sincere attitude), 诚恳道歉 (sincere apology).
🔊
何至于 hé zhì yú
adv. how could it come to this; why would it be necessary. Here, it expresses surprise or反问. Character family: 何至于此 (how could it come to this point), 何至于劳烦 (why bother).
🔊
láo
v. to trouble; to bother. In this context, it means causing someone to make a trip. Character family: 劳驾 (excuse me; bother you), 劳烦 (trouble).
🔊
一趟 yī tàng
n. one trip; one journey. Here, it refers to the visit made. Character family: 跑一趟 (make a trip), 去一趟 (go once).
🔊
无望 wú wàng
adj. hopeless; without hope. In this context, it means realizing there is no hope. Character family: 希望无望 (hope is gone), 无望的等待 (hopeless wait).
🔊
告辞 gào cí
v. to take leave; to say goodbye. Here, it means leaving after realizing no hope. Character family: 告辞离开 (take leave and depart), 匆忙告辞 (hastily say goodbye).
🔊
问候 wèn hòu
v. to greet; to send regards. Here, it means conveying greetings. Character family: 问候家人 (greet family), 亲切问候 (warm greetings).
🔊
亲自 qīn zì
adv. personally; in person. In this context, it emphasizes delivering the money oneself. Character family: 亲自处理 (handle personally), 亲自到场 (be present in person).
🔊
wǎng
prep. towards; to. In this context, it indicates direction of movement. Character family: 往东走 (go east), 往前看 (look forward).
🔊
对面 duì miàn
n. opposite side; across. Here, it refers to the direction from which someone is coming. Character family: 对面马路 (opposite road), 站在对面 (stand opposite).
🔊 "?"满头是汗
🔊
满头是汗 mǎn tóu shì hàn
phrase. head full of sweat; sweating profusely. Here, it describes running until sweating. Character family: 跑得满头是汗 (run until sweating), 干活满头是汗 (work until sweating).
🔊 摇摇头
🔊
摇摇头 yáo yáo tóu
v. to shake one's head. In this context, it indicates negation or disappointment. Character family: 摇摇头表示不同意 (shake head to disagree), 摇摇头叹气 (shake head and sigh).
🔊 "?"
🔊 "!"

"None."

🔊
凄惨 qī cǎn
adj. miserable and sorrowful
🔊
zǎo
adv. early; long ago
🔊
cuī
v. to urge; to hasten; to press (someone to do something)
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